Post-menopause begins after 12 months without a period. Although the transition is behind you, this phase brings its own changes as oestrogen and progesterone levels remain permanently low.
What changes
Bone health declines (2-3% bone density loss per year in the first 5 years), cardiovascular risk increases, skin becomes thinner and drier, and vaginal dryness may persist.
What you can do
Weight-bearing exercise for bone health, calcium and vitamin D supplementation, cardiovascular monitoring (cholesterol, blood pressure, blood sugar) and discussing hormone therapy with your doctor if symptoms persist.
Preventive blood tests
Focus shifts to thyroid function (TSH), vitamin D, cholesterol and blood sugar. If using hormone therapy, periodic oestradiol and FSH monitoring is recommended.
Frequently asked questions
Is hormone therapy still an option after menopause?
This depends on your age, time since menopause and risk factors. Starting HRT is generally recommended within 10 years of menopause. Discuss options with your doctor.
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