Oestrogen deficiency is one of the most common hormonal changes in women, particularly around menopause. But younger women can also experience low oestrogen. This hormone plays such a central role that a deficiency can manifest in many different ways.
What does oestrogen do?
Oestrogen is more than a sex hormone. It plays a role in your menstrual cycle, bone health, cardiovascular system, mood, skin elasticity and cholesterol levels. The most important oestrogen in women of reproductive age is oestradiol (E2).
Causes of oestrogen deficiency
Common causes include menopause (most frequent), premature ovarian insufficiency, excessive exercise with insufficient calorie intake, underweight, chronic stress and certain medical treatments.
Symptoms
Hot flushes, night sweats, irregular or absent periods, vaginal dryness, mood changes, sleep problems, fatigue, joint stiffness, reduced libido and dry skin are all common signs of low oestrogen.
What you can do
Lifestyle adjustments including phytoestrogen-rich foods (soy, flaxseed), regular moderate exercise, maintaining a healthy weight and stress reduction can provide support. For severe symptoms, discuss hormone therapy (HRT) with your doctor.
When to test
A blood test measuring oestradiol (E2) and FSH can provide clarity. Low oestradiol combined with elevated FSH is consistent with oestrogen deficiency.
Frequently asked questions
Can oestrogen deficiency be dangerous?
Long-term low oestrogen can increase the risk of osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. This is a reason to take it seriously and discuss it with your doctor.
Is oestrogen deficiency the same as menopause?
Not necessarily. Menopause is the most common cause, but younger women can also experience low oestrogen for other reasons. A blood test can help distinguish this.
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